Online Phonics Classes for Kids in Australia: Getting Ready for What the Year 1 Phonics Check Really Tests

Nov 05, 2026

If your child is in Foundation, Year 1 or Year 2 at an Australian school, there is a good chance you have heard about the Year 1 Phonics Check. It is a short, one-to-one reading task, and it is now part of school life in several states. Many parents searching for online phonics classes for kids in Australia are really asking one question: is my child actually decoding words, or have they been getting by on memory and good guessing? This page explains what the Check looks for, why the made-up words in it matter so much, and how we teach the underlying skill one-to-one, online, at your child's own pace.

We have written it for Indian and NRI families in particular, because many of the parents who contact us from Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide describe the same pattern: a bright child who speaks well, enjoys books, and still stalls the moment a word is unfamiliar.

What the Year 1 Phonics Check actually measures

The Check is simple on the surface. According to the Victorian Department of Education, a teacher asks each child to read 40 words aloud: 20 real words and 20 made-up words. A score of 28 to 40 means the child is 'at or above the expected level', and a score of 0 to 27 means 'below the expected level'. It usually takes five to seven minutes and is designed to be low pressure.

The made-up words are the clever part. A word like 'blim' or 'vap' cannot be recognised from memory, because the child has never seen it. The only way to read it correctly is to know the sound each letter or letter group makes and to blend those sounds together. That is exactly the skill that carries a child through every new word in every new book, which is why decoding skills for Year 1 children sit at the heart of the Check.

South Australia was the first state to adopt the Check after a 2017 trial in public schools, and it is now used across SA public schools. New South Wales trialled it in 2020 and has made it mandatory for Year 1 public school students since 2021; in 2025, almost 62,000 NSW Year 1 students took part. Victoria piloted it in 2025 as an optional assessment for government schools. The rules differ by state and sector, so if your child attends an independent or Catholic school, ask the school directly whether it uses the Check.

What the 2025 results tell Australian parents

Victoria's own figures from the 2025 pilot are the clearest public snapshot. Of the Year 1 students who took part, 59.1% reached the expected level. Put the other way round, roughly four in every ten did not reach 28 out of 40. In NSW, where the Check has run for several years, the Department of Education reports that nearly two thirds of Year 1 students met the benchmark in 2025, up from around half in 2022. That improvement is real, and it is also a reminder that a sizeable share of six-year-olds are still not secure decoders by the middle of Year 1.

None of this means a child who scores below 28 has a problem with intelligence or effort. It usually means one or two specific links in the phonics chain are not yet automatic: a digraph such as 'sh' or 'ai' that is still being read as two separate letters, a blend such as 'bl' or 'str' that falls apart, or a habit of guessing from the first letter and the shape of the word. Each of those is teachable, and each is easier to spot when one tutor listens to one child read.

Why many Indian families in Australia notice this gap

Australia's Indian community is large and growing. The 2021 Census counted 673,352 people born in India living in Australia, making India the third largest country of birth after Australia and England. The Department of Home Affairs estimates that by the end of June 2024 the India-born population had reached about 916,300. Many of these families speak Hindi, Gujarati, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam or another language at home alongside English.

That multilingual background is a strength. Children who grow up with two or more languages often have rich spoken vocabulary and strong listening skills. What it does not do on its own is teach the specific letter-sound code of written English. Several parents tell us their child learnt to recognise whole words early, sometimes with help from family who learnt to read by sight in their own schooling, and that this worked well until the words got longer and less familiar. That is precisely the point where the Year 1 Phonics Check, with its made-up words, starts to show the difference between recognising and decoding.

Guessing vs decoding: a worked example

Here is what that difference looks like in practice, using one real word and one made-up word of the kind found in the Check.

Worked example: a Year 1 child reads the real word 'shelf' and the made-up word 'blim', first by guessing from the shape of the word and then by decoding sound by sound, with the 28 out of 40 benchmark and Victoria's 2025 pilot result.

When a child guesses, 'shelf' often comes out as 'shell', because the start looks right and the word is a familiar one. 'Blim' turns into 'limb', a real word with similar letters. Both answers are wrong, and the child has no way of checking. When a child decodes, the process is slower at first but reliable: 'sh' is one sound, then 'e', 'l', 'f', and those sounds blend into 'shelf'. The same steps produce 'blim' for the made-up word. The child is not remembering; they are working it out, and that is what the Check is designed to reward.

The research base for teaching this way is strong. The US National Reading Panel's landmark 2000 review found that systematic phonics instruction, where letter-sound relationships are taught explicitly and in a planned sequence, produced significantly better reading outcomes for young children than approaches that taught phonics incidentally or not at all. The effect was largest when instruction began early, in kindergarten and first grade, which corresponds to Foundation and Year 1 in Australia.

How our one-on-one online phonics classes in Australia work

Our Reading Circle program uses Pure Phonics, a structured method that teaches the 44 sounds of English, the letters and letter groups that represent them, and blending and segmenting as daily habits. In one-on-one online phonics classes in Australia, a single tutor works with your child for the whole session, so every sound your child says is heard and every slip is caught while it is still small.

Phonemic awareness first. Before letters, your child learns to hear and play with the individual sounds in spoken words, the foundation everything else rests on.
Systematic letter-sound teaching. Single sounds, then digraphs such as sh, ch, th and ai, then trickier patterns, always in a planned order.
Blending and segmenting every session. Your child practises turning sounds into words for reading and words into sounds for spelling. If blending is already in place, our post on why some children still sound out letter by letter explains the next stage.
Made-up word practice. Short sets of nonsense words, used carefully, show the tutor whether your child is truly decoding or still relying on memory, which is also useful Year 1 Phonics Check preparation without turning lessons into test drills.
Comprehension and vocabulary alongside. Decoding is the gateway, not the goal. Reading Circle builds understanding of what is read from the start.

Placement is based on your child's own pace, not on their school year. A child in Year 2 may start at an earlier level if a few sounds are not yet secure, and that is deliberate: building on a solid foundation is faster than patching gaps later. If the work is too easy a child gets bored, and if it is too hard they give up, so the tutor adjusts within every session.

Families often ask whether they need a phonics tutor for Indian kids in Australia specifically, or whether any tutor will do. What matters most is the method and the one-to-one attention. That said, many parents tell us they value a tutor who understands a multilingual home, who will not mistake an accent for a reading error, and who can explain progress in a way that makes sense to grandparents as well as parents.

Fitting classes into an Australian school week

Because classes are live and online, there is no travel and no waiting room. Most Australian families book sessions after school or on weekend mornings, and our team, working from India, is available across a wide window that suits both the eastern and western states. You choose regular slots that work for your family, and your child keeps the same tutor so the relationship and the plan stay consistent.

If you are in Sydney or Melbourne, you may also find our city pages useful: one-on-one online phonics classes for kids in Sydney and best online phonics classes for kids in Melbourne. For the full program details, see our 1:1 Online Phonics classes page.

Why parents trust Little Genius

Little Genius Academy has taught more than 50,000 students so far, across India and in Indian families living abroad. Our focus is on foundational literacy and numeracy for children aged 3 to 10, and online phonics tutoring for NRI families in Australia is one of the fastest growing parts of what we do. Every program is concept-based: we want children to understand why a word sounds the way it does, not just to remember it.

Frequently asked questions

Do you teach to the Year 1 Phonics Check?
We teach the skills the Check measures, not the test itself. A child who can decode real and made-up words reliably will do well on the Check as a natural result. We use short sets of made-up words as a diagnostic tool, never as drilling.

My child reads well at home. Why would they struggle with made-up words?
Many confident readers have learnt a large bank of words by sight. That works on familiar text and breaks down on new words, which is exactly what made-up words test. A short diagnostic will show whether your child is decoding or recognising.

What age should my child start?
Children can begin phonemic awareness from about age 3 and structured phonics from around 4 to 5, which lines up with the Foundation year in most states. Older children in Year 2 or Year 3 can start at whatever level the diagnostic shows they need.

Are the classes really one-to-one?
Yes. Every Reading Circle session is one tutor and one child, live online. That is what allows the tutor to hear each sound, correct it straight away and change the plan inside the session.

We speak another language at home. Will that slow my child down?
No. Speaking more than one language is an asset. Phonics simply gives your child the code for written English, and our tutors are used to working with multilingual children.

Book a free diagnostic level test

The easiest first step is a free diagnostic level test. In one session, a tutor listens to your child read real and made-up words, checks each sound and pattern, and shares a plain-language summary of where your child is and what we would suggest next. There is no obligation, and you will come away knowing exactly which part of the phonics chain needs attention.

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